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Plan S-avtale med storforlag like rundt hjørnet - Bibliotekarforbundet
Det var stortingsrepresentant Guri Melby (V) som hadde levert en interpellasjon om bekymringene rundt Plan S, den omdiskuterte planen for å sikre åpen tilgang til vitenskapelige artikler.
Det er Norges forskningsråd som har gått sammen med forskningsrådene i 13 andre land samt Europakommisjonen og Det europeiske forskningsrådet (European Research Council, ERC), Wellcome Trust og Gates Foundation om et initiativ til å kreve full åpen tilgang til alle artikler fra forskning som er finansiert av alle disse institusjonene, fra 1. januar 2020, omtalt som Plan S.
Store land som ikke er med
– Åpen tilgang til forskningsresultater er et gode, men noen forskere er bekymret over at land som Tyskland, USA og Kina ikke er med, og at dette kan gjøre det krevende å få publisert forskning og vanskeliggjøre internasjonalt forskningssamarbeid. Andre frykter mer statlig styring og mindre akademisk frihet for forskerne. Hva tenker statsråden om utfordringene som påpekes, og hvordan kan vi sikre at hensynene til likebehandling, uavhengighet og kvalitet ivaretas?, spurte Guri Melby.
Dette parerte statsråd Iselin Nybø, og sa blant annet:
– Noen forskere er bekymret for at finansiører i land som Tyskland, Kina og USA ikke har undertegnet Plan S ennå. Det nevner også interpellanten selv. Men Kina, som er verdens største produsent av vitenskapelige artikler, har uttrykt en tydelig støtte til Plan S. India, verdens tredje største produsent av vitenskapelige artikler, og den indiske regjeringens vitenskapsrådgiver, har uttalt at det er svært sannsynlig at India vil støtte Plan S. Ny Chief Scientific Advisor er på plass i USA, og «cOAlition S» er i samtaler med han og andre.
«Publiser-og-les»-avtaler
Statsråden mente det derfor er sannsynlig at vi flere finansiører vil undertegne Plan S.
– Men det er viktig å være klar over at disse landene allerede jobber hardt for de samme målsettingene i forlagsforhandlingene sine som det Plan S har. Målet er den samme typen avtaler som aksepteres i Plan S, det vil si åpen publisering av landets forskning i tidsskrifter som ennå ikke er åpne, men som inngår i en overgangsavtale om å bli åpne i løpet av de neste tre til fem årene. Den typen avtaler kalles «publiser-og-les»-avtaler. De har den fordelen at forskere ikke vil merke forskjell fra dagens system, for det vi ikke trenger å tenke på å betale artikkelpubliseringsavgifter. Og gjennom avtalen opprettholdes lesetilgang til abonnementstidsskriftene, samtidig som publiseringskostnadene er dekket innenfor avtalen, sa Iselin Nybø.
Snart avtale med storforlag
Hun påpekte at land som Nederland, Storbritannia, Sverige, Finland og Østerrike har hatt en eller flere slike avtaler i flere år.
Og så slapp hun en «foreløpig» nyhet:
– UNIT forhandler slike avtaler for norske institusjoner, og forventer om kort tid å signere avtale med ett av de store forlagene. Gjennom denne typen avtaler betaler vi for å sikre åpen publisering av norske artikler, samtidig som lesetilgangen til artikler som ennå ikke er i åpne tidsskrifter opprettholdes.
Hvilket forlag det er som snart signerer Plan S-avtale med Norge sa hun ikke. Men at dette både kan være viktig i seg selv, og samtidig gi en viktig signaleffekt, er svært sannsynlig.
Revurderer forretningsmodellene
Statsråden fulgte da også selv opp med å tolke nyheten som et klart positivt tegn:
– Dette viser at politikken for åpen tilgang til forskning er i ferd med å bære frukter. Og det er viktig å få fram at det er en sammenheng mellom landenes nasjonale rettigheter, forlagsforhandlingene og Plan S. Det er det samla presset som nå kommer fra flere kanter og mange land som bidrar til at internasjonale konsern revurderer forretningsmodellene sine, sa forsknings- og høyere utdanningsminister Iselin Nybø fra Stortingets talerstol.
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Erling Bergan
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Erling Bergan 2019-02-05 15:34:25 2021-03-16 11:40:54 Plan S-avtale med storforlag like rundt hjørnet
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